Centre Introduces 90-Day Gig Worker Rule
The Union labour ministry has released draft rules that introduce the 90-day gig worker rule for social security benefits. These rules require gig and platform workers to complete 90 working days with one aggregator, or 120 days across multiple aggregators, within a financial year. The Centre issued this notification on December 30, 2025. The announcement came a day before gig workers held a strike demanding higher earnings and better working conditions. The new rule aims to create a clear eligibility system for workers in India’s fast-growing gig economy.
How the 90-Day Gig Worker Rule Works
The draft rules explain how engagement will be calculated under the 90-day gig worker rule. A worker counts as engaged for a full day if they earn any income on that calendar day, regardless of the amount. Workers who earn from multiple platforms on a single day can count each engagement separately. For example, if a worker completes tasks for three aggregators on the same day, it will count as three engagement days. This system supports workers who depend on multiple platforms to meet their daily income goals. It also helps them reach the engagement requirement faster.
Eligibility Expanded for Gig and Platform Workers
The Centre has broadened the scope of who qualifies under the 90-day gig worker rule. Workers hired directly by aggregators or indirectly through subsidiaries, holding companies, LLPs, or third-party contractors will all qualify. This expansion ensures that workers employed through flexible or indirect arrangements are not excluded. It also creates a more accurate representation of India’s large gig workforce. Labour experts say this rule could strengthen the rights of delivery agents, drivers, and service partners who often operate without formal protection.
Digital Registration Through e-Shram Portal
To access benefits under the 90-day gig worker rule, workers must register on the government’s digital portal. Registered workers will receive a digital identity card with their photograph and essential details. The ongoing e-Shram portal initiative already serves as the national database for unorganised workers. Workers must regularly update their occupation, address, skills, and mobile number. Failing to update information may affect their eligibility for social security schemes. This digital system aims to streamline welfare delivery and ensure accurate worker identification.
